单词全解析：inspire
音标（英/美）：/ɪnˈspaɪər/
词性：动词（v.）
中文释义：激励；启发；赋予灵感
1. 核心用法与搭配
常见搭配：
inspire sb. to do sth.（激励某人做某事）
be inspired by...（受……启发）
inspire confidence/creativity（激发信心/创造力）
高频场景：
教育：老师的鼓励 inspired me to pursue my dream.
艺术：梵高的画作 inspired countless artists.
2. 近义词与反义词
| 近义词 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| motivate /ˈmoʊtɪveɪt/ | His speech motivated us to work harder. |
| encourage /ɪnˈkɜːrɪdʒ/ | Parents should encourage children's hobbies. |
| 反义词 | 例句 |
|------------------|
| discourage /dɪsˈkɜːrɪdʒ/ | Don't let failure discourage you. |
| demotivate /diːˈmoʊtɪveɪt/ | Poor feedback can demotivate employees. |
3. 高考写作中的经典应用
议论文（论点：榜样的力量）：
"Great leaders inspire others not by their authority, but by their actions."记叙文（描述成长经历）：
"My mother's perseverance inspired me to overcome challenges in my studies."书信类（给朋友的建议）：
"Reading biographies of successful people can inspire you to set ambitious goals."
4. 高考真题实战
2022 全国乙卷 完形填空
"The teacher's passionate speech inspired the students to think creatively."
解析：此处需填入“激励”含义的动词，inspire 比 motivate 更强调“激发深层灵感”，符合语境。
2021 新高考I卷 语法填空
"The artist claimed that his new collection was inspired by nature."
考点：被动语态中过去分词 inspired 的正确形式。
5. 选择题/判断题专项
题目：
Which word can replace the underlined part in the sentence?
"The coach's words gave us the courage to keep trying."
A. inspired
B. confused
C. tired
D. bored
答案：A
技巧：抓住关键词 courage（勇气），只有 inspire 能表达“赋予勇气”的含义。
6. 高级表达扩展
高级替换：
ignite /ɪɡˈnaɪt/（点燃热情）："Her speech ignited a passion for learning in the audience."
spur /spɜːr/（刺激行动）："The competition spurred me to improve my skills."
谚语/名言：
"Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire." （William Butler Yeats）
7. 学生常见错误
错误1：混淆 inspire 与 aspire
❌ "I inspire to become a doctor."
✅ "I aspire to become a doctor." （aspire 表示“渴望”）
错误2：遗漏不定式
❌ "The movie inspired me courage."
✅ "The movie inspired me to be courageous."
8. 实用记忆技巧
联想记忆：
in（进入）+ spire（呼吸/精神）→ “让精神进入状态”→ 激励
词根词缀：
spir- = 呼吸（如 spirit 精神、aspire 渴望）
