acquire 与 acquisition 的深度解析
1. 基础信息
单词 | 词性 | 中文意思 | 音标 | 词源 |
---|---|---|---|---|
acquire | 动词(v.) | 获得;习得;购得 | 英 /əˈkwaɪə(r)/;美 /əˈkwaɪər/ | 源自拉丁语 acquirere(to seek for),由 ad-(向) + quaerere(寻找)组成。 |
acquisition | 名词(n.) | 获得物;习得;收购 | 英 /ˌækwɪˈzɪʃ(ə)n/;美 /ˌækwɪˈzɪʃ(ə)n/ | 动词 acquire 的名词形式,后缀 -tion 表示行为或结果。 |
2. 核心用法与例句
acquire(动词)
acquire knowledge 获得知识
acquire skills 掌握技能
acquire a company 收购公司
常见搭配:
原创例句:
She acquired fluency in French through years of study.
翻译:她通过多年的学习掌握了流利的法语。The disease is acquired through contact with contaminated water.
翻译:这种疾病通过接触受污染的水而感染。acquisition(名词)
language acquisition 语言习得
strategic acquisition 战略收购
make an acquisition 进行收购
常见搭配:
原创例句:
The acquisition of new vocabulary is essential for language learners.
翻译:新词汇的习得对语言学习者至关重要。The company’s latest acquisition was a tech startup valued at $1 billion.
翻译:该公司最新的收购对象是一家估值10亿美元的科技初创企业。
3. 高考真题回顾
2021年上海卷 语法填空:
"The museum’s recent acquisition of a Renaissance painting attracted worldwide attention."
解析:考查名词形式,强调“博物馆获得的画作”这一结果。2019年天津卷 完形填空:
"She acquired a reputation for honesty in her business dealings."
解析:考查动词形式,强调“通过行为获得声誉”。
4. 原创选择题与解析
He ______ a new language quickly by immersing himself in the culture.
A. acquired
B. acquisition
C. acquiring
D. acquisitive
答案:A
解析:acquired是动词过去式,符合“通过沉浸学习获得语言”的语境;acquisition是名词,不能作谓语。The company’s latest ______ was a competitor in the same industry.
A. acquire
B. acquired
C. acquisition
D. acquisitively
答案:C
解析:acquisition是名词,符合“公司收购竞争对手”的表达;acquired是形容词或过去分词,不能直接作主语。Her ______ of French cuisine impressed the chefs at the international competition.
A. acquire
B. acquisitive
C. acquiring
D. acquisition
答案:D
解析:acquisition是名词,符合“她对法国美食的掌握”这一表达;acquisitive是形容词,意为“贪婪的”,与语境不符。
5. 扩展知识
近义词辨析:
单词 侧重点 例句 acquire 通过努力或过程获得(知识、技能、资产) He acquired wealth through hard work. obtain 通过正式或授权方式获得(证书、许可) She obtained a driver’s license. gain 通过努力获得利益或进步(如体重、经验) He gained experience from the project. 常见误区:
❌ He acquisition a new skill.(错误:缺少动词)
✅ He acquired a new skill.
❌ The acquire of the company was successful.(错误:名词形式错误)
✅ The acquisition of the company was successful.
6. 文化背景
语言习得理论:
在语言学中,language acquisition(语言习得)指儿童通过自然环境无意识地掌握语言的过程,而language learning(语言学习)则指通过课堂有意识地学习语法和词汇。例如:
"Children acquire language faster than adults because their brains are more adaptable."
(儿童比成人更快掌握语言,因为他们的大脑更具适应性。)
7. 英文至理名言
“We acquire the strength we have overcome.”
——Ralph Waldo Emerson(拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生)
翻译:我们通过克服困难获得力量。“The only limit to our realization of tomorrow is our doubts of today.”
——Franklin D. Roosevelt(富兰克林·D·罗斯福)
翻译:实现明天理想的唯一障碍是今天的疑虑。